Rectifier



Patented like. 2%, i925.,

06D PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO d; IINFLCTURING CGMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF LEWIS Waaameron craneal. er ant-:aw

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Application filed beeeinber To all whom if may concern.'

Be it known that Lewis lamineren CHUBB, a citizen of the limited States, and a' resident or" Edgewood Park, in the county 5 of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improve ment in Rectiiers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to; means for .the production of unidirectional clectromotive forces, and particularly to certain modifications on the high-voltage-producing moans described in a prior application by Joseph Slepian, Serial No. 316,170, filed August S, 1919, and assigned to the Tiestingheuse Electric d; Manufacturing Company'. The abovegi mentioned prior application shows a squaresshaped bridgesarrangement Isupplied from. a two-phase source through suitable rectifiers, the arms of said bridge being alternately energizedv from the respective phases of said source. The load is con nected across one diagonal of the bridge to receivey the sum of the currents in the respective phases While an equivalent balaneing impedance is connected abross the other diagonal of the bridge to receive the di'lern ence between the currents in the respective phases. With such system, it is possible to cause the currents in ach phase to tall to zero value before the r versal of connections thereto, thuslmaking thersystem particularly adaptable for the rectification of extremely high voltages, such as are used in electrical precipitation.

According to my invention, an alternating-current' source, having a Wave form of peculiar` shape hereinafter described, is emi'iloyed, ,whereby the ripples in the rectied load current are entirely eliminated. ln this nia/nner, l avoid the unnecessary excess of energy over the minimum required encrg ',Wvhich corresponds to the lowest pointoifftlie voltage curve, and also avoid other objectionable effects of the peaks in the rec- M/.t'ified electromotive force, as, lor example,

the noise often encountered in battery charging service. The constantr rectilied current thus obtained is useful not' only in precipitation work, but alsoin battery charging Work, as above pointed out, and particularly in connection with teleplione radio and battery syst-ems, wherein it lies hereanni carica.'

EECTFIER.

2, 192). Serial No. 427,762.

tofore been necessary to employ large choke coils to eliminate the ripple in the battery charglng current, and in the plate current of a vacuum tube.

The objects and' nature of my invention will be apparent froml the following detailed description and appended claims, when read in connection with theaccolnpanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a simplified diagrammatic sketch illustrative of a bridge system of the Character employed by me'.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic showing of a rectier system operating upon the principles illustrated in Fig. 1 and including a polyphase generator oi' special wave form, and

Figs. 8 and l are diagrams illustrative of the action of the system of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing for a more detailed understanding of my iniv'ention, a `bridge 7-8-9-10 is shown in F ig. l, having a load 12 connected 'across diagonal 7 9 thereof and an equivalent impedance device 13 connected across the remaining diagonal thereof. 4It is assumed that the coils shown in each arm of the bridge are the seats of electr-emotive forces in the direction indicated by the adjacentarrovvs. Y

i The arms 9-1O and 8 7 are energized from one phase of the supply,` While the arms 9-8 and 10-7 are energized from the other phase of the supply. It will be seen that the diagonal 8-l0 has an electr-omo! tive force which is equal to the difference between the electromotive forces in the respective phases, While the diagonal 7-9 has an electr-emotive force which is equal to the sum of the electromotive forces in the re. spective phases.

Accordingto my invention, I utilize a supply wave of'irequcncy -rsuch as the wave 20, 21; 22, in Fig. 3 which, when rectified, gives a eine Wave, such :1s-2 0, 23, 22 or frequency f, said sine Wave being displaced so as to lieentirely on one side of the The advantage of this arrangement is immediately seen -wlicn the corresponding ed wave of tbe other phase, as indicated at 245:, inirllig. 3, is considered. The sum et tbesetwo waves gives an absoluteiy straight line for the rectiiied curloo rent, as indicated at 2.5,

fn a reotifing system, the combination with a polyphase suppiy means, of rectifying means for each phase of the sup` piy, whereby di'ering systems o unidirectional current impulses are provided, and means for cnmnletively combining said im pulses in one portion of an electric circuit and for differentially combining-said impulses in another portion' o'i said circuit, said `poljypliase su' ply having a Waveform which analyzes su stantially as follows:

.98 sin @n.199 sin 3-.02? sin 5%.

with a bridge, of a load connected across one diagonal thereof, Ian auxiliaryv impedance device connected across another diagonal thereof, means for producing substantially sinusoidal Wave-form, unidirectional cur rent-impulses of like phase in two opposite arms of said bridge, and means for producing substantially sinusoidal Wave-form, unidirectional cnrrent-iifnpnlses of like phase to each otlier but oi' ydisplaced phase with respect to said first mentioned impulses in the remaining two arms of said bridge, whereby said current-impulses are cumulatively combined in said load circuit and differentif/iliv combined in said auxiliary impedance device.

5. :in a rectifying system, the combination with means constituting a bridge, of a load circuit connected across one diagonal oi' said bridge, an auxiliar] impedance device having an impedance equivalent to that of said ioad connected across the remaining diagonal of the bridge, means for producing` simi- .lar sine-Wave, copliasial, unidircctiional-current impulses in oppositcly disposed arms ot' said bridge, means tor turtlicr producing simiiar sinc-wave, current-inxpnlses ol displaced phase with rcspectto said first nicntioned impulses in the'rcnminiucr arms of said bridge, all of said current-impulses.licing similarly directed with respect to said load circuit, W iereliy the current-iimpulses are cumnlatively combined in the load circuit and differentially combined in the auxiliary impedance device.

6. In a rectit'yin-g system, the combina.- tion with a quarter-phase supply circuit. having a Wave-forni containing?r approxi .mately 98% fundamental, 20% third liarmonic, 3% ttth harmonic, and iiarmonic, Wo trensiormers arranged to nave primary windings energized trom 'tile tivo phases thereof, respectively, each of saidntransformers having; two secondary windings, current: connections for forming a bridge from said secondary winding-s a: o eiated with the respective phases alternating in said bridge,.rectifying ineens associated i '70 seven til with each of said secondary windings, a load circuit connected vacross one diagonal ci: said bridge, and an auxiliary impedance device connected across the 'renminingr diagonal the oridgge and having an impedanceequivalent to that of said load circuit.

7. in a rectifying system, the combination with testifying means, oi .a polypiiase supply circuit having' a Wave-form such as toy produce a rectified Wave of sine shape.

8. .in a rectify/ing system, the combination with a poly hase. supply, of rccti'fyine; means for eac phase thereof, a load circuit iiicludingr nii of said rectiiyingg` means in series, and means permitting each rectified impuise to fall to substantially zero current value before the reversal oi tiro connections thereto, said poiypliase snpply'iiaving a Wave-form adapted to produce a substansubstantiali3v tialiy constant rectified current in sai(` ioad system, of means for connecting said ,'iliases in a quadrilateral bridge circuit, a directcurrent line connected to diametricaliy op posits points in said 'bridge circuit, means 'for causing the alternating voltages of said phases to be applied always in tne saine direction in each haii. of said bridge circuit whereby the two halves have e, common pesiw tive terminal and a common ,negative tes n'iinal, and an alternating-current circuit joining:r an intermediate junction pointne tween phases in one of said halves to an intermediate junction point between phases in tile other of said halves, the alternating' voltages o'l' each of said phases being of such. wave-form that, when alternate haiiweves are reversed in direction, a unidirectional voltage ot substantially sinusoidal4 Wave foini is produced.

l2. The combination with a ounpiiase system, ofmeans for connecting said in quadrilaterai bridge circuit, curi-ein:u

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